Reconciliation

The Sacrament of Reconciliation — also called Penance or Confession — is the sacrament by which, through God's mercy, the sinner is reconciled with God and with the Church, whose communion was wounded by sin (CCC 1422, 1468).

Why This Sacrament Exists

Baptism forgives all sin. But sins committed after Baptism also need forgiveness, which Christ provided through this sacrament. On Easter Sunday he breathed on the Apostles: "Receive the Holy Spirit. Whose sins you forgive are forgiven them" (John 20:22–23; CCC 1461).

The Acts of the Penitent

Contrition — genuine sorrow for sin, the most essential element. Confession — telling one's sins to the priest. Satisfaction — performing the penance assigned as reparation (CCC 1448–1460).

Effects

The sacrament forgives mortal and venial sins, restores sanctifying grace, reconciles with God and the Church, grants peace of conscience, and remits eternal punishment. Some temporal punishment may remain, addressed through penance and indulgences (CCC 1496).

The Seal of Confession

What is confessed to a priest is absolutely and permanently secret. No circumstance can justify violation of the sacramental seal (CCC 1467).

Frequently Asked Questions

How often should Catholics go to Confession? The Church requires Confession at least once a year for those conscious of mortal sin. But frequent Confession — even of venial sins — is strongly recommended as a powerful means of growth in holiness (CCC 1457).