Satan

Satan — also called the Devil, the Evil One, and the adversary — is a fallen angel who sinned against God by refusing to accept his sovereignty. Satan and the demons were created as good angels and became evil by their own free and irrevocable choice (CCC 391, 395).

A Real Person, Not a Symbol

Satan is not a metaphor for human evil or an impersonal negative force. He is a real, personal, spiritual being with intelligence and will, actively working against God and against human salvation. He is the "father of lies" (John 8:44) and the "accuser" (Revelation 12:10) who tempts human beings to sin (CCC 2851).

Satan's Fall

Scripture suggests Satan's fall was an act of pride — a radical and irrevocable refusal to serve God. Revelation 12:7–9 speaks of a cosmic battle in which Michael and the holy angels drove Satan and his followers from Heaven (CCC 392).

Limited Power

Satan's power is real but not unlimited — not equal to God's. He can tempt but not compel; deceive but not overcome those who remain in grace. Christ definitively defeated Satan through his death and resurrection (CCC 394–395).

Frequently Asked Questions

Does the modern Church still believe in the devil? Yes, firmly. The Catechism explicitly affirms Satan's real, personal existence and active opposition to God. Disbelief in the devil leaves people unguarded against his influence (CCC 391–395).