Ark of the Covenant

The Ark of the Covenant was the sacred chest constructed by the Israelites in the desert, following God's instructions given to Moses, to house the Tablets of the Law, Aaron's staff, and a jar of manna. It was the most sacred object in ancient Israel — the throne of God's presence among his people (CCC 2058, 2130).

Construction and Contents

As described in Exodus 25:10–22, the Ark was made of acacia wood overlaid with gold, topped by a golden lid called the "mercy seat" flanked by two golden cherubim. God said he would speak to Moses from between the cherubim. The Ark was carried on poles and preceded Israel through the desert and into battle. It was eventually housed in the Holy of Holies in Solomon's Temple.

The Ark as Type of Mary

Catholic tradition identifies the Ark of the Covenant as a type of the Virgin Mary. The Ark carried the word of God (the tablets), the bread from heaven (manna), and the priestly staff (Aaron's rod). Mary carried the Word of God made flesh (Jesus), the true Bread from Heaven, and the High Priest of the New Covenant. The greeting of Elizabeth to Mary (Luke 1:43) parallels David's question before the Ark (2 Samuel 6:9; CCC 2676).

Frequently Asked Questions

Where is the Ark now? The Ark of the Covenant disappeared from history around the time of the Babylonian conquest of Jerusalem (586 BC) or earlier. Its location remains unknown. Catholic tradition, following Revelation 11:19, sees the true fulfillment of the Ark's role not in any earthly object but in Mary and ultimately in Heaven itself.