The Flight into Egypt

The Flight into Egypt is the account in Matthew 2:13–23 in which the Holy Family fled to Egypt to escape King Herod's massacre of the infant boys of Bethlehem ("the Holy Innocents"), and later returned to Nazareth after Herod's death. It fulfills the prophecy "Out of Egypt I called my son" (Hosea 11:1; CCC 530).

The Event

After the Magi's departure, the angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream and warned him to flee to Egypt with Mary and Jesus because Herod was seeking to destroy the child. Joseph obeyed immediately — leaving by night. Herod, enraged at being outwitted by the Magi, ordered the massacre of all male children in Bethlehem under two years old. After Herod's death, the angel again appeared to Joseph and directed the family's return to Israel.

The New Exodus Typology

Matthew's account deliberately echoes the Exodus. Jesus's sojourn in Egypt and return recapitulates Israel's experience: as Israel was called out of Egypt to begin its covenant life, so Christ comes out of Egypt to begin his redemptive mission. The prophecy "Out of Egypt I called my son" originally referred to Israel — now it finds its ultimate fulfillment in Jesus, the Son of God (CCC 530).

Frequently Asked Questions

Who were the Holy Innocents? The Holy Innocents are the infant boys killed by Herod in his attempt to destroy the Messiah. The Church venerates them as martyrs — the first to die for Christ, though they could not consciously choose martyrdom. Their feast is celebrated on December 28 (CCC 530).