Contrition

Contrition is sorrow of the soul and hatred for sin committed, together with a resolution not to sin again. It is the most important act of the penitent and is necessary for the valid reception of the Sacrament of Penance (CCC 1451).

Perfect and Imperfect Contrition

Perfect contrition (contrition of charity) arises from love of God — sorrow for sin primarily because sin offends God, who is all-good and deserving of all love. Perfect contrition reconciles the sinner with God even before sacramental absolution, though the person remains bound to confess mortal sins in the Sacrament of Penance (CCC 1452).

Imperfect contrition (attrition) arises from a lesser motive — fear of hell or recognition of the ugliness of sin. Imperfect contrition is sufficient for the Sacrament of Penance to be valid and effective, but it does not reconcile the person with God apart from the sacrament (CCC 1453).

Why Contrition Is Essential

Without genuine sorrow for sin and the resolution not to sin again, the Sacrament of Penance cannot be fruitfully received. A person who confesses sins without any intention of amendment is not making a valid confession. The firm purpose of amendment is not a promise of perfection — it is a sincere intention to avoid sin and its occasions (CCC 1451).

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Act of Contrition? The Act of Contrition is a traditional prayer expressing sorrow for sin and the resolve to amend one's life. While any sincere expression of contrition suffices, many priests ask penitents to say an Act of Contrition as part of the Sacrament of Penance (CCC 1451).